Heterogeneous catalysis—in which catalysts and reactants are of different phases, e.g., solid and gas—is important to many industrial processes and often involves solid metal as the catalyst. Ammonia ...

In chemical processes for producing pharmaceuticals, catalysts are a core technology that determines production speed and cost. However, until now, there has been a trade-off between "precise but ...

Turning carbon dioxide into useful chemicals is a key strategy for building closed-loop systems, a key step in mitigating climate change. But CO 2 is notoriously hard to activate, often requiring high ...